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Birkat Hamazon or Birkath Hammazon (), known in English as the Grace After Meals ((イディッシュ語:בענטשן); translit. ''bentshn'' or "to bless", from Latin ''benedicere'';〔(Weinreich, History of the Yiddish Language )〕 Yinglish: Benching), is a set of Hebrew blessings that Jewish Law prescribes following a meal that includes bread or matzoh made from one or all of wheat, barley, rye, oats, spelt. It is a matter of rabbinic dispute whether ''birkat hamazon'' must be said after eating certain other bread-like foods such as pizza.〔(Pizza and ''birkat hamazon'' )〕 ''Birkat hamazon'' is typically read to oneself after ordinary meals and often sung aloud on special occasions such as the Shabbat and festivals. The blessing can be found in almost all prayerbooks and is often printed in a variety of artistic styles in a small booklet called a ''birchon'' (or ''birkon'', ''ברכון'') in Hebrew or ''bencher'' (or ''bentcher'') in Yiddish. ==Source and text== The scriptural source for the requirement to say ''birkat hamazon'' is Deuteronomy 8:10 "When you have eaten and are satisfied, you shall bless the LORD your God for the good land which He gave you". ''Birkat hamazon'' is made up of four blessings. The first three blessings are regarded as required by scriptural law: #The food: A blessing of thanks for the food was traditionally composed by Moses (Berakhot 48b) in gratitude for the manna which the Jews ate in the wilderness during the Exodus from Egypt. #The land: A blessing of thanks for the Land of Israel, is attributed to Joshua after he led the Jewish people into Israel. #Jerusalem: Concerns Jerusalem, is ascribed to David, who established it as the capital of Israel and Solomon, who built the Temple in Jerusalem. ---Amen--- #God's goodness: A blessing of thanks for God's goodness, written by Rabban Gamliel in Yavneh. The obligation to recite this blessing is regarded as a rabbinic obligation. The statutory birzat ha-mazon ends at the end of these four blessings at ''al yechasrenu''.(Grace after meals ) After these four blessings, are a series of short prayers, each beginning with the word ''Harachaman'' (the Merciful One) which ask for God's compassion. There are several known texts for ''birkat hamazon''. The most widely available is the Ashkenazic. There are also Sephardic, Yemenite and Italian versions. All of these texts follow the same structure described above, but the wording varies. In particular, the Italian version preserves the ancient practice of commencing the second paragraph with ''Nachamenu'' on Shabbat. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Birkat Hamazon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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